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Global Digitalization
& Intelligence Index
(GDII) 2025

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Measuring the Progress of Digital and Intelligent Transformation Across Economies

The GDII 2025 report covers 90 economies, which account for 94% of the global GDP and 83% of the world's population. The comprehensive measurement model created within the report includes a number of new and updated indicators such as data scale and application level, network connectivity breadth and quality, computing and storage capacity and efficacy, ICT skills, and innovation ecosystems. The goal of the report is to provide a quantitative reference for countries looking to develop their digital economy.
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Country
Insights into Economies
Data Creation vs. Application
Data Storage Plays a Vital Role
Talent & Ecosystem

A "Double Helix" Formed by Data Creation and Data Application

Research indicates a typical linear relationship between data indicators and economic progress. However, a close look at the GDII scores for digital economy maturity, data creation, and data application reveals that the relationship between data creation and data application forms a "Double Helix" structure.Through data application, vast amounts of data can be translated into tangible productivity and business innovation. This enables the transformation and upgrade of the economy and society. Prioritizing and creating diverse, quality data is also critical. Only by establishing a two-way reinforcement loop between data creation and application can we foster a virtuous cycle of mutual strengthening and support. This is the key to unlocking the full potential of the digital economy and stimulating socioeconomic development.
Indicator Score

Total Data Volume Generated versus Total Installed Storage Capacity

The widening gap between the generated volume of global data and installed storage capacity reflects more than just a shortfall in ICT infrastructure. It highlights structural challenges in how data is valued, managed, and retained. IDC predicts that the volume of global data generated (both data created and replicated) will climb from 173 ZB in 2024 to 527 ZB in 2029, while storage capacity will grow at less than half that rate, from 10 ZB to 19 ZB. By the end of the decade, over 96% of generated data will be discarded or lost, underscoring the urgent need for new investment and strategies in data storage.
Data Volume / Storage Capacity in ZB

Focusing on Education and Talent Development to Harness the Opportunities of the Intelligent Era

As shown in the figure, the Top 20 economies by GDII score account for 65% of the ICT workforce and 95% of ICT patents. ICT workforce size is defined by employment in knowledge-intensive ICT activities. Economies with a higher proportion of such employees in their overall workforce generally have higher ICT patent outputs, particularly in regions like Asia, where big firms (thousands of employees) account for some of the region's largest new patent applications. ICT patents represent successful innovation, which enables higher wages for skilled workers in the sector.
Insights into Industries
Based on analyst research and industry-organization data, GDII conducted an in-depth analysis of four industries in 25 different economies, aiming to quantify the progress of each in terms of digital and intelligent transformation.
Power Utility
Banking
Railway Transport
Logistics
The power utility industry invests at least 1% of its annual revenue in ICT fields such as communication networks, edge computing, data centers, and AI. In the GDII study, every 0.1% increase in digital investment improves customer satisfaction by 6.4 points.
The level of digital intelligence in the power utility industry varies across economies. 50% of the economies covered by the GDII study are in the traditional grid stage, 30% in the intelligent grid stage, and 20% in the Future Power Systems stage.
Economies in the Future Power Systems stage have an edge smart device coverage rate above 80%, 20 percentage points higher than the industry average. Distribution communication networks are becoming critical infrastructure for the global energy transition.
According to the GDII study, economies with more than five copies of data backups have an AI application penetration rate of 21%, which is nearly ten percentage points higher than peer economies. Stronger ICT infrastructure resilience correlates with greater confidence in embracing AI.
Banking has emerged as a frontrunner in AI development. Banks spend on average 3.9% of their annual revenue on ICT, with AI spending growing at a CAGR of nearly 30%.
Banks are increasingly operating like technology companies, with advanced data capabilities and agile operations models. GDII research shows that business cloudification within the banking industry exceeds 70% on average across the 25 economies studied.
Rail operators are investing at least 1% of their annual revenue in ICT systems (for communication bandwidth enhancement, big data analytics, artificial intelligence, etc.). Intelligent railways can optimize transportation assets, which can enhance national competitiveness.
Average LTE/5G coverage in rail transport exceeds 50% in the 25 economies benchmarked. The rail-5G dividend increases GDP by 0.5% annually—a significant impact on the economy.
When deterministic fiber backbone networks are combined with new rail developments, the likelihood of securing foreign direct investment (FDI) rises by 5‒10%, while project valuations can increase by 10–25% in just 3–5 years.
Significant disparities in logistics costs across economies: Logistics costs account for 8%–9% of GDP in stage-1 economies, 10%–12% in stage-2 economies, and 14%–15% in stage-3 economies.
A 1% increase in the proportion of digital and intelligent investment in transportation infrastructure (e.g., IoT, cloud platforms, and AI) can lower overall logistics costs by up to 0.5%, making exports more competitive and domestic goods more affordable.
Substantial regional divides in the logistics system interconnectivity rate: The rate averages 48% in Southeast Asian economies and exceeds 70% in a number of European economies.